Best care for all your dental needs| Tiny Pearls Dental Care

IMPLANTS

Dental implants offer a wide range of options starting from single missing tooth to full mouth replacements of teeth .

A dental implant to replace a missing tooth commonly has three important components .

Implant body , abutment prosthesis supporting structure , implant crown .

Implant body :

replaces the root of missing tooth by creating a solo d connection with surrounding bone .
It is usually situated under the guns and not visible in the oral cavity .

Abutment / prosthesis supporting structure:

It connects the implant body and prosthesis . It protects out of gums or is situtated above the gum onto which the prosthesis is fabricated .

Implant crown / prosthesis :

it is single restoration that is placed over the implant to replace the coronal portion of tooth .

Benefits :

Natural appearance as it seems to be emerging out of gums .
Improves chewing capability and improves the bite preserves and protects the surrounding structures as no need of preparation or adjustment of natural teeth as in case of conventional dental bridge .
Good long term success rate .

Dental implantation procedure :

Case selection.
Investigations
Treatment plan for dental implant .
Local anaesthesia .
Dental implant placement
Healing of implant up to 3 to 4 months and surrounding tissues .
Implant crown fixation / cementation.

PERIODONTAL FLAP SURGERY

In simple terms it is the surgical exposure of periodontal tissues.

The periodontal flap surgeries have been practised for more than hundreds years since their introduction in early 1990’s.

There have been a lot of improvisation or modifications in the techniques since then

A periodontal flap surgery is a section of gingiva or mucosa Surgically separated from the underlying tissues to provide visibility and access to bone and root d surfaces .

It allows the gingiva to be displaced to a different location in patients with mucogingival involvement .

main objectives is to allow access for the cleaning of roots of teeth and removal of periodontal pocket lining as well as to treat irregularities of alveolar bone so that when gingiva is repositioned around the trey it will allow the reduction of pockets , infections and inflammation .

To enhance the amount and effectiveness of self performed oral hygiene after healing .

Reduce the bacterial load and inflammation to minimise the further loss of supporting structures .

To regenerate the lost periodontal status attachment Indications :

active packets 5- 6’mm deep
Intra bony packets especially on distal areas of last molars .
Irregular bony contours .
Deep craters.
Grade 2 and 3 furcation involvement.
Recurrent periodontal issues

Contraindications:

Uncontrolled medical conditions like

Unstable angina .
Uncontrolled diabetes.
Uncontrolled hypertension .
Myocardial infarction .
Stroke with in 6 months .
Poor plaque control .
Un realistic patient expectations / desires.
Pronounced gingival overgrowth

ROOT CANAL TREATMENT

If the dental caries is progressed from enamel to pulp, blood vessels and nerve fibers are infected leading to continuous pain with/without taking food & causing disturbance in sleep and daily activities.

Pain is increased on taking cold and hot food.

Root canal is suggested in these cases rather than extraction if it has considerable tooth structure left.

Root canal helps in preservation of tooth, preservation of bone, restore functioning of tooth enabling effective chewing, remove infection from root canals and eliminate pain.

Root canal treatment is also indicated in

Deep cavities
Traumatic injuries exposing pulp,
Swelling and pain in gums when infection spreads through gums,
Cracked or broken tooth
Persistent pain on taking hot and cold foods
Devastating diseases like attrition
Intentionally for restoring function

Diagnostic tests :

Tests performed to assess the status of pulp such as heat test,cold test, EPT.

PROCEDURE:

A Small opening is made either on chewing surface of the teeth or on the tongue side of the tooth.

Different files are used to clean the canals.

Disinfectants are used to reduce the bacteria load.

After cleaning and shaping, canals are dried and sealed with Gutta percha and sealer.

Upon completion of RCT, final restoration is done.

RESTORATIONS

Restorations are used to replace the missing or decayed part of the crowns .

Restorations are of many types based on the level of decayed tooth.

Example : Inlay restorations

Here when the tooth portion has decayed more but not much damage as the crown needed.

Onlay restorations are used to fill the cavities with minimum of one cusp . Restorations materials are : Amalgum , GIC , composite

Amalgum fillings : Amalgum fillings appears as silver fillings .

Advantages of Amalgum restorations are : long lasting , more strength , in patients with high risk of tooth decay , less expensive .

Disadvantages : some patients may feel difficult with colour of Amalgum as it is silver in colour .

Some patients may experience Allergy and sensitivity to the mercury .

GIC restorations : These are of tooth coloured restorations .

It doesn’t require any binding agent when placed inside the cavity .

It doesn’t undergo shrinkage or micro leakage .

Disadvantages : less esthetics than composite ,brittle , water sensitive during setting stage .

Composite restorations : These are white , tooth coloured restorations .

Composite can restore teeth with Orginal look with high strength these composites.

These are mostly preferred on cavities with aesthetic zones , chipped front teeth , exposed mild root surfaces .

Advantages of composites: bonded to tooth directly.

Disadvantages of composites : tend to wear out sooner than Amalgum

EXTRACTION OF TEETH (EXODONTIA)

It is painless removal of while tooth or roots.

Why are teeth removed?

Excessive tooth decay, tooth infection, and crowding can all require a tooth extraction.

Those who get braces may need one or two teeth removed to provide room for their other teeth as they shift into place.

Tooth extraction is performed by a dentist or oral surgeon and is a relatively quick outpatient procedure with either local, general, intravenous anesthesia, or a combination.

Tell your dentist about any medications you take before the treatment. Also tell about the following conditions:

Heart disease
Liver disease
Hypertension
Diabetes
Adrenal disease

Procedure:

Simple extraction : Local anesthesia will be given,which numbs the area around the tooth. Dentist use an instrument called elevator to loosen the tooth and use forceps to remove it.
Surgical Extraction : Local anesthesia will be given. small incision is given into the gum and remove the bone around the tooth if needed and extract the tooth.

Post operative instructions:

Apply an ice pack to your cheek directly after the procedure to reduce swelling. Use the ice pack for 10 minutes each time.
After the dentist places the gauze pad over the affected area, bite down to reduce bleeding and to aid in clot formation. Leave the gauze on for three to four hours, or until the pad is soaked with blood.
Take any medications as prescribed, including over-the-counter painkillers.
Rest and relax for the first 24 hours. Do not jump immediately into your regular routine the following day.
Don’t use a straw for the first 24 hours.
Don’t smoke.
Don’t rinse for 24 hours after the tooth extraction, and spit only gently.
Use pillows to prop your head up when you lie down.
Brush and floss your teeth like normal, but avoid the extraction site.
The day after the procedure, eat soft foods, such as yogurt, pudding, and applesauce.
After 24 hours, add a half-teaspoon of salt to eight ounces of warm water to rinse out your mouth.
As you heal over the next few days, you can slowly reintroduce other foods into your diet.